More than 80% of skin cancer cases are caused by sunburn — and this number is rising year on year. There are an estimated 1.5 million new cases of skin cancer globally each year, with this figure expected to rise by 50% by 2040. Wearing sunscreen is widely acknowledged as being one of the best things we can do for our health. But how and when to apply sunscreen? There’s still a lot of confusion.
超过80%的皮肤癌症病例是由晒伤引起的，而且这个数字逐年上升。据估计，全球每年新增皮肤癌症病例150万例，预计到2040年，这一数字将增长50%。涂防晒霜被广泛认为是我们能为健康做的最好的事情之一。但是如何以及何时涂抹防晒霜呢？仍然有很多困惑。
Experts usually recommend that people apply sunscreen 20-30 minutes before sun exposure to allow time for it to absorb into the skin. It might be wise to apply it twice, since studies show that most people tend to underapply sunscreen. Scientists also advise reapplying sunscreen after sweating, being in water, or if our skin has rubbed up against clothing or sand. It’s also important to not mix sunscreen with other skin products. This is because many skin products contain ingredients that may make the sunscreens less effective.
专家通常建议人们在阳光照射前20-30分钟涂抹防晒霜，以便有时间吸收到皮肤中。涂抹两次可能是明智的，因为研究表明，大多数人往往会涂抹防晒霜不足。科学家们还建议在出汗、在水中或皮肤与衣服或沙子摩擦后重新涂抹防晒霜。同样重要的是不要将防晒霜与其他皮肤产品混合使用。这是因为许多皮肤产品中含有的成分可能会降低防晒霜的功效。
It’s advised about six teaspoons for the face and body on an average-sized adult. However, studies have shown that people generally apply much less than they need, and therefore are not as protected as they think they are. As for young kids, it differs from ages. Babies under the age of six months shouldn’t wear sunscreen. They shouldn’t be directly exposed to the sun. And it’s recommended that you apply two teaspoons of sunscreen to two-year-olds, three teaspoons for five-year-olds, four teaspoons for nine-year-olds and five teaspoons for 13-year-olds. For older children, scientists recommend reapplying sunscreen every two hours.
建议一个平均体型的成年人用大约六茶匙的量涂脸和身体。然而，研究表明，人们的用量通常比他们需要的要少得多，因此并不像他们想象的那样受到保护。对于年幼的孩子来说，它因年龄而异。六个月以下的婴儿不应该涂防晒霜。他们不应该直接暴露在阳光下。建议你给两岁的孩子涂两茶匙防晒霜，五岁的孩子涂三茶匙，九岁的孩子用四茶匙，十三岁的孩子用五茶匙。对于年龄较大的儿童，科学家建议每两小时重新涂一次防晒霜。
What type of sunscreen should I use? Experts recommend using sunscreen with a five star rating of at least 30 SPF, and covering skin up with clothing, too. Skin cancer charities recommend wearing suncream on all exposed skin when being outdoors, every day of the year, and urge the importance of limiting your time in the sun, even when you are wearing suncream.
我应该使用什么类型的防晒霜？专家建议使用SPF至少为30的五星级防晒霜，并用衣服覆盖皮肤。皮肤癌症慈善机构建议，一年中的每一天，当你在户外时，都要在所有暴露的皮肤上涂防晒霜，并敦促限制你在阳光下的时间的重要性，即使你正在涂防晒霜。
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