在嫦娥五号带回的月球样本中，科学家发现了月球上一种富含水分子和铵的未知矿物晶体——ULM-1。这标志着科学家首次在月壤中发现了分子水，揭示了水分子和铵在月球上的真实存在形式。
Researchers from the Institute of Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), along with scholars from several famous Chinese universities, discovered ULM-1, an unidentified mineral crystal enriched with water molecules and ammonium(铵) on the moon from the Chang’e-5 lunar samples, shedding new light on potential sources of water and ammonia on the moon. It is an amazing breakthrough that indicates that for the first time, molecular water has been found in lunar soil. The research results have been published in the journal Nature Astronomy, according to CCTV.
中国科学院物理研究所的研究人员，以及来自中国几所著名大学的学者，从嫦娥五号带回的月球样本中发现了ULM-1，一种富含水分子和铵的未知矿物晶体，为月球上存在水分子和铵提供了新的线索。这是一个惊人的突破，表明首次在月球土壤中发现了分子水。据中央电视台报道，研究结果发表在《自然-天文学》杂志上。
ULM-1’s chemistry and crystal structure is similar to a rare crater mineral that has been found recently on Earth. They are created on Earth when hot basalt (玄武岩) interacts with ammonia and water-rich volcanic gasses. Researchers have carried out in-depth investigations of chloride isotopes and chemicals to guarantee the accuracy of the discovery. The Cl isotopic (同位素的) composition of the mineral differs significantly from that of Earth minerals and matches that of minerals on the moon. Scientists also examined the chemical makeup of the mineral and its production circumstances.
ULM-1的晶体结构和组成与地球上近年来发现的一种稀有火山口矿物相似。它们是在地球上热玄武岩与富含水和氨的火山气体的相互作用时产生的。为了确保这一发现的准确性，科学家们进行了严格的化学和氯同位素分析。该矿物的Cl同位素组成和地球矿物显著不同，与月球上的矿物相符。科学家们还研究了这种矿物的化学成分和形成条件。
___________________________________ The bottom line of water content in the lunar volcanic gasses, according to thermodynamic analyses, was similar to that of Ol Doinyo Lengai in Tanzania, the driest volcano on Earth. The findings therefore unveil (揭示) a complex history of lunar volcanic degassing (脱气), which is of great significance to the exploration of the moon’s evolutionary processes. Also, the discovery revealed the possibility of water molecules’ presence in the form of hydrated salts on the moon. As a result, the findings open up new possibilities for the future development and utilization of lunar resources, as the research signifies that such stable hydrated salts can be produced even in the vast sunlit regions of the moon.
___________________________________基于热力学分析，当时月球火山气体中水的含量下限与目前地球上最为干燥的坦桑尼亚的Ol Doinyo Lengai火山相当。因此，这些发现揭示了一个复杂的月球火山脱气历史，这对探索月球演化过程具有重要意义。此外，这一发现揭示了揭示了月球上水分子可能存在的一种形式——水合盐。因此，这一发现为未来开发和利用月球资源开辟了新的可能性，因为这项研究表明，即使在月球广阔的阳光照射区，也可能存在这种稳定的水合盐。
Without the lunar soil samples collected by the Chang’e-5 lunar probe, the successful finding would not have been possible. The samples, which are the youngest basalts ever discovered and come from the highest latitude on Earth to date, offer new opportunities for searching for lunar water.
如果没有嫦娥五号月球探测器收集的月球土壤样本，这些成功的发现是不可能的。这些样本是迄今为止发现的最年轻的玄武岩，来自地球上最高的纬度，为寻找月球水提供了新的机会。
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