“福”字在中国文化中扮演着重要的角，它代表着人们对幸福、吉祥和好运的向往和追求。在春节期间，人们会把“福”字贴在门上，寓意着新的一年里会有好运降临。有些地方还会倒贴“福”字，利用“倒”与“到”的谐音，寓意“福到了”。
Fu, one of the Chinese characters that best reflect China’s time-honored culture, is a necessity in Spring Festival celebrations. Nowadays, Fu, literally meaning blessing or happiness, usually appears as a cultural symbol to express people’s wishes for the coming new year. Yet, in the past, the character mainly meant luck and fortune.
“福”字是最能反映中国悠久文化的汉字之一，在春节庆祝活动中是必不可少的。如今，福的字面意思是祝福或幸福，通常作为一种文化符号出现，表达人们对即将到来的新年的愿望。然而，在过去，这个字主要意味着运气和财富。
The tradition of pasting the character Fu on walls and doors has existed among the people for a long time. According to Menglianglu, a book recording the folk customs in the Song Dynasty (960-1127), people at that time had already been practicing the tradition. The character can either be written or printed. It can be pasted both normally and upside down because in Chinese the “reversed Fu” means “Fu comes”.
在墙上和门上贴“福”字的传统在民间已经存在了很长时间。据记载宋代民俗的《孟良录》记载，当时的人们已经在实践这一传统。这个字符既可以书写也可以打印。它既可以正常粘贴，也可以倒贴，因为在汉语中，“倒着的福”意味着“福到了”。
There is a legend among the people about the origin of the pasting the “reversed Fu”. Zhu Yuanzhang, the first emperor of the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644), once planned to kill a family and marked them with the Chinese character Fu. In order to avoid killing, Zhu’s wife, Empress Ma, ordered every family in the capital to paste the character Fu in front of their doors.
民间流传着贴“倒着的福”的传说。明朝第一任皇帝朱元璋曾计划处死一家人，并在他们家贴上“福”字作为标记。为了避免杀戮，朱的妻子马皇后命令京城的每家每户都在门前贴上“福”字。
All the people followed the empress’s order, but one family didn’t know how to read or write. They had pasted the character upside down. On the second day when the soldiers went to the streets, they found the character everywhere, including the upside down one. When the emperor heard this, he was very angry at the reversed Fu, and immediately ordered his guards to kill the family who had pasted the character in the wrong way.
所有的人都听从皇后的命令，但有一家人不识字。他们把福字贴反了。第二天，当士兵们走到街上时，他们发现到处都是这个字，包括倒着的那个字。当皇帝听到这个消息时，他非常生气，并立即下令他的卫兵杀死用错误的方式粘贴福字的这家人。
Empress Ma tried to avoid the killing and quickly explained, “That family had known that you would come to visit them today, so they pasted the character upside down intentionally. Doesn’t that mean ‘Fu comes’ today?” The emperor agreed with his wife and released the family. From that time on, people began to paste Fu upside down to express the good wills for fortune and luck and to remember Empress Ma.
马皇后试图避免这场杀戮，急忙解释说:“那家人知道你今天要来，所以故意把字贴反了。这不是说今天‘福到了’吗?”皇帝同意了妻子的意见，释放了这家人。从那时起，人们开始倒贴福，以表达对财富和运气的良好祝愿，并纪念马皇后。
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