对于很多成年人来说，搬家往往是为了获得更好的生活条件或工作机会，还会带来新鲜感和舒适感。但对孩子来说，却未必如此。最近，一项新研究表明：童年时期搬家，将会增加孩子在成年后患抑郁症的概率。
People who experience moves before the age of 15 are over 40% more likely to be diagnosed (诊断) with depression in later life, a new study has shown.
一项新的研究表明，在15岁之前经历过搬家的人在以后的生活中被诊断患有抑郁症的可能性要比没经历过搬家的高出40%以上。
The study was carried out by researchers from Aarhus University (Denmark), the University of Plymouth (UK) and the University of Manchester (UK). It analysed all residential locations of almost 1.1 million people born in Denmark between 1981 and 2001 and who stayed in the country during the first 15 years of their lives. It then tracked those same individuals into adulthood, and found at least 35,000 of those still living within Denmark had later received a medical diagnosis of depression.
这项研究是由奥胡斯大学、普利茅斯大学和曼彻斯特大学的研究人员进行的。该研究分析了1981年至2001年间在丹麦出生的近110万人的所有居住地，这些人在出生后的15年里一直居住在丹麦。随后，研究人员对这些人进行了跟踪调查，直到他们成年，发现其中至少有3.5万名仍生活在丹麦的人后来被诊断出患有抑郁症。
As part of a detailed analysis, the study supported existing evidence by showing that individuals who live in income deprived (不足的) neighbourhoods during childhood are more likely — by a factor of around 10% — to develop depression in adulthood. Does this mean that depression is solely related to low income? The study, for the first time, showed that experiences of moving during childhood — whether between or within poor or rich neighbourhoods — are also associated with significantly higher rates of depression in adulthood.
作为详细分析的一部分，这项研究支持了现有的证据，表明童年时期生活在收入不足社区的人更有可能在成年后患上抑郁症——大约是10%。这是否意味着抑郁症只与低收入有关？这项研究首次表明，童年时期的搬家经历——无论是在贫穷或富裕的社区——也与成年后患抑郁症的几率显著升高有关。
Specifically, children who move once between ages 10 and 15 are 41% more likely to be diagnosed with depression than those who don’t move. And if a child moves twice or more between the ages of 10 and 15, the risk rises to around 61%. This is a stronger effect than growing up in a poor neighbourhood. It has led researchers behind the study to suggest a settled home environment — in terms of location — during childhood may be one way of protecting against future mental health issues.
具体来说，10到15岁之间经历过一次搬家的孩子被诊断为抑郁症的可能性比那些没有经历过搬家的孩子高41%。如果一个孩子在10岁到15岁之间经历过两次或两次以上的搬家，风险就会上升到61%左右。这比在贫困社区长大的影响更大。这项研究的研究人员认为，在儿童时期，就地理位置而言，一个稳定的家庭环境可能是预防未来心理健康问题的一种方法。
And while its focus was on a significant proportion of the Danish population, the study authors say they would expect to find similar outcomes across many parts of the world.
虽然研究的重点大部分是丹麦人，但研究作者表示，他们希望在世界许多地方找到类似的结果。
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