中考真题2024年山东省日照市阅读理解D篇-气候变化与海洋声音传播

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气候变化影响海洋声音传播，北大西洋噪音水平上升，可能干扰动物生活。

Sounds from human activities spread across the ocean, causing much trouble to ocean animals. However, according to a new study, climate change might influence how sound travels through the water.

人类活动的声音在大海上空传播，给海洋动物带来了很大的麻烦。然而，根据一项新的研究，气候变化可能会影响声音在水中的传播方式。

Human-caused climate change influences the ocean in many ways, such as changing its temperature, salt level, and acidity (酸度). For example, when the water becomes more acidic, it can’t take in certain sounds. So those sounds travel further, adding to the noise in some areas. However, this effect (影响) is not as big as other changes. Changes like temperature and salt level can affect how the ocean’s different layers (层) mix. That, in turn, affects how sound travels.

人类引起的气候变化在许多方面影响着海洋，比如改变其温度、盐度和酸度。例如，当水变得更酸时，它就不能吸收某些声音。因此，这些声音传播得更远，增加了某些地区的噪音。然而，这种影响不如其他变化大。温度和盐度等变化会影响海洋不同水层的混合方式。这反过来又会影响声音的传播方式。

Researchers used computers to model how those changes influence noise levels across the ocean. They compared the models of the world now to those of the world in about 70 years if climate change continues. In the North Atlantic, they saw an increase in sound levels in the upper 125 meters of the Ocean.

研究人员使用计算机模拟这些变化如何影响整个海洋的噪音水平。他们比较了当今世界的模型，以及如果气候变化继续的话，大约70年后的世界模型。在北大西洋，他们发现海洋上125米范围内的声音水平有所上升。

This was caused mostly by ice melting (融化) from Greenland, forming a cold layer of water near the Ocean’s surface. When sound travels through water, it turns toward the coldest layer. This made sound waves get stuck in the cold top layer and spread further out across the water instead of traveling deeper. As a result, the sound became louder at this depth in the North Atlantic.

这主要是由格陵兰岛融化的冰造成的，这些冰在海洋表面附近形成了一层冷水。当声音在水中传播时，它会转向最冷的水层。这导致声波被困在冷的上层，并在水面上进一步传播，而不是向更深处传播。因此，在北大西洋的这个深度，声音变得更大了。